Direct links to peer-reviewed primary sources — NEJM, Cell Metabolism, Nature, JAMA Network Open and PMC. We don't make therapeutic claims; we point you to the literature so you can evaluate it yourself.
GLP-1, GIP and amylin co-agonists with the strongest published efficacy data.
"Tirzepatide, a dual GIP / GLP-1 receptor agonist, achieved up to 20.9% body-weight reduction at 72 weeks — substantially exceeding outcomes for single-receptor incretin therapies."
"Once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg produced a mean ~15% reduction in body weight, making it the first GLP-1 receptor agonist approved for chronic weight management."
"Cagrilintide combined with semaglutide achieved 13.7% weight loss, with 73.5% of patients reaching glycated hemoglobin of 6.5% or less."
"Once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg produced a mean ~15% body-weight reduction."
"CagriSema (cagrilintide + semaglutide) achieved 13.7% weight loss, with 73.5% of participants reaching HbA1c ≤ 6.5%."
Mitochondrial peptides and metabolic regulators tied to insulin sensitivity and energy.
"MOTS-c is a 16-amino-acid peptide that regulates insulin sensitivity and metabolic homeostasis, preventing age- and diet-dependent insulin resistance and obesity."
"5-Amino-1MQ reduced body weight by 7% and white adipose tissue mass by 30% in diet-induced obese mice through NNMT inhibition, without affecting food intake."
GH secretagogues with well-characterised potency profiles and cardioprotective findings.
"Hexarelin demonstrated the most potent GH release among GHRPs, with additional cardioprotective effects including improved cardiac function."
Anxiolytic and nootropic peptides studied without classical sedation.
"Selank demonstrated significant anxiolytic effects comparable to benzodiazepines but without sedation or cognitive impairment."
Reproductive-axis and oxytocinergic peptides in randomised trials.
"In a randomized clinical trial of women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder, kisspeptin administration significantly increased sexual and attraction brain activity compared with placebo, with no adverse effects reported."
"In a randomized controlled trial, intranasal oxytocin significantly enhanced empathy and approach motivation in human participants, demonstrating measurable improvements in social cognition and emotional regulation."